The 12% Heavy Truck Excise Tax Explained
What's taxable
| Vehicle | Threshold |
|---|---|
| Truck chassis & bodies | over 33,000 lbs GVW |
| Trailer & semitrailer chassis & bodies | over 26,000 lbs GVW |
| Highway tractors | used with a trailer/semitrailer |
The first retail sale rule
The 12% applies to the first retail sale — the first sale for use after manufacture or import. Knowing what's in scope (and the exemptions and Section 4051(d) tire credit) keeps filings accurate.
FAQ
What is the 12% heavy truck excise tax?▼
It is a 12% federal retail excise tax on the first retail sale of heavy trucks, trailers, and tractors above the gross vehicle weight thresholds (IRC §4051), reported on Form 720, Part II, IRS No. 33. The retailer — usually the dealer — is liable.
Which vehicles are subject to the 12% tax?▼
Truck chassis and bodies over 33,000 lbs GVW, trailer and semitrailer chassis and bodies over 26,000 lbs GVW, and highway tractors used in combination with a trailer or semitrailer. Lighter vehicles are generally exempt.
Who pays the heavy truck excise tax?▼
The seller at the first retail sale (typically the dealer) is liable and reports it on Form 720. It is a Part II tax paid with the quarterly return — no semimonthly EFTPS deposits.
File the heavy truck tax the easy way
EasyFile720 calculates the 12% tax, applies the Section 4051(d) tire credit, and e-files IRS No. 33 for dealers.
Reflects the Instructions for Form 720 (Rev. June 2026) and IRC §4051. General information, not tax advice.
